Intoleransi Sebagai Dampak Inkonsistensi antara Konsep dan Praktik Bermain pada Anak Usia Dini

  • Jumiatmoko Jumiatmoko PG PAUD UNS
  • Amir Syamsudin UNY
Keywords: Bermain, Intoleransi, Anak Usia Dini, Play

Abstract

Intolerance often occurs in early childhood. This is in line with a shift in playing practices. The purposes of this study were to identify the construction of the concept of play related to the development of tolerance and the implementation of play which has the potential to influence intolerance in early childhood. A literature review with stages of scoping, selecting, searching, analyzing, synthesizing, and reporting was used to examine the formulation of playing concepts from 12 relevant expert. As a result, there is a mismatch between the concept and practice of play which has the potential to develop intolerance in early childhood.

References

Abqorisa, K., Elan, & Gandana, G. (2022). Keterampilan sikap toleransi sosial anak usia 4-5 tahun. Jurnal PAUD Agapedia, 6(2), 208–220. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.17509/jpa.v6i2.52015

Adams, L. D., & Ebbeck, M. (1997). The Early Years and the Development of Tolerance. International Journal of Early Years Education, 5(2), 101–106. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/0966976970050202

Aditya, F., Widiatmaka, P., Rahnang, R., & Purwoko, A. A. (2022). Pembentukan Karakter Toleransi pada Anak Usia Dini Melalui Metode Pembelajaran yang Bervariatif. JAPRA (Jurnal Pendidikan Raudhatul Athfal), 5(2), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.15575/japra.v5i2.17351

Akabayashi, H., Ruberg, T., Shikishima, C., & Yamashita, J. (2023). Education-Oriented and Care-Oriented Preschools Implications on Child Development. Labour Economics, 84(June), 102410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.labeco.2023.102410

Ake, M. (2019). Kehidupan Toleransi Beragama Disekolah. Jambura Early Childhood Education Journal, 1(2), 46–54. https://doi.org/10.37411/jecej.v1i2.58

Annisa, D., & Djamas, N. (2021). Meningkatkan Perilaku Prososial Anak Usia 5 – 6 Tahun Melalui Permainan Tradisional Babintingan. Jurnal Anak Usia Dini Holistik Integratif (AUDHI), 3(1), 42. https://doi.org/10.36722/jaudhi.v3i1.592

Ariel, S. (2002). Imaginative Play Children’S Imaginative Play: A Visit to Wonderland. Praeger Publishers.

Beach, F. A. (1945). Current Concepts of Play in Animals. The American Naturalist, 79(785), 523–541. https://doi.org/10.1086/281288

Bilgili, N. C. (2015). Southeast European and Black Sea Studies Religiosity and tolerance in Turkey : Is Islam the problem ? 93(August). https://doi.org/10.1080/14683857.2015.1063794

Bloch, M. N., & Choi, S. (1990). Conceptions of play in the history of early childhood education. Child & Youth Care Quarterly, 19(1), 31–48. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01085553

Brenick, A., Lawrence, S. E., Carvalheiro, D., & Berger, R. (2019). Teaching tolerance or acting tolerant? Evaluating skills- and contact-based prejudice reduction interventions among Palestinian-Israeli and Jewish-Israeli youth. Journal of School Psychology, 75(August), 8–26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsp.2019.07.001

Bretherton, I. (1984). Representing the Social World in Symbolic Play: Reality and Fantasy. Symbolic Play, 3–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-132680-7.50005-3

Bruce, T. (2021). Friedrich Froebel : A Critical Introduction to Key Themes and Debates. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc.

Busch, J., Buchmüller, T., & Leyendecker, B. (2023). Implementation and quality of an early childhood education program for newly arrived refugee children in Germany: an observational study. International Journal of Child Care and Education Policy, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40723-023-00105-8

Caillois, R. (2001). Man, Play, and Games. The Free Press.

Cendana, H., & Suryana, D. (2021). Pengembangan Permainan Tradisional untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Bahasa Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 6(2), 771–778. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v6i2.1516

Courtney, J. R., Garcia, J. T., Rowberry, J., Eckberg, N., Dinces, S. M., Lobaugh, C. S., & Tolman, R. T. (2023). Measuring impact of New Mexico prekindergarten on standardized test scores and high school graduation using propensity score matching. International Journal of Child Care and Education Policy, 17(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40723-023-00112-9

Damayanti, R. R., Handini, M. C., & Hapidin, H. (2018). Pengaruh Bermain Peran Mikro terhadap Kecerdasan Interpersonal. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 2(1), 34. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v2i1.5

Danniels, E., & Perlman, M. (2021). Because ‘everybody believes in different things’: Examining tolerance of divergent preferences, beliefs, and morals in kindergarten students. Social Development, 30(4), 973–993. https://doi.org/10.1111/sode.12520

Fahmi, F., Syabrina, M., Sulistyowati, S., & Saudah, S. (2020). Strategi Guru Mengenalkan Konsep Dasar Literasi di PAUD Sebagai Persiapan Masuk SD/MI. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 5(1), 931–940. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v5i1.673

Fatmawati, I. N., & Sholikin, A. (2019). Literasi digital, mendidik anak di era digital bagi orang tua milenial. Madani: Jurnal Politik Dan Sosial Kemasyarakatan, 11(2), 119–138.

Fauziah, F. S., Ilmaknun, L., Mahya, V. A., Barus, E. F. B., Waruwu, D. S., Susanty, A., & Jamaludin. (2023). Menanamkan sikap toleransi pada anak usia dini dengan media Wayang di TK Melati Putih. Nautical : Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin, 2(1), 74–77.

Frost, J. L., Wortham, S. C., & Reifel, S. (2012). Play and Child Development (4th ed.). Pearson Education, Inc.

Gray, P. (2011). The Decline of Play and the Rise of Psychopathology in Children and Adolescents. American Journal of Play, 3(4), 443–463. http://www.psychologytoday.com/files/attachments/1195/ajp-decline-play-published.pdf

Hall, S. L. (2009). Object Play by Adult Animals. In M. Bekoff & J. A. Byers (Eds.), Animal Play Evolutionary, Comparative and Ecological Perspectives (pp. 45–60). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511608575.004

Hasani, H. (2023). Laporan Survei Toleransi Siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas (Sma). Setara Institute, 6–9. https://setara-institute.org/laporan-survei-toleransi-siswa-sekolah-menengah-atas-sma/

Holzman, L. (2009). Vygotsky at Work and Play. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315676081

Huizinga, J. (2002). Homo Ludens : A Study of Play-Element in Culture (Vol. 01). Routledge.

Law No.146, (2014).

Jumiatmoko, & Hanafi, M. (2020). Titik Lemah Perkembangan Moral Anak Usia Dini Pada Lembaga PAUD Berbasis Keagamaan. Jurnal AUDI : Jurnal Ilmiah Kajian Ilmu Anak Dan Media Informasi PUD, 5(2), 91–98. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.33061/jai.v5i2.4393

Jumiatmoko, J., Elok, U., Rasmani, E., Wahyuningsih, S., Zuhro, N. S., Fitrianingtyas, A., Nurjanah, N. E., & Winarji, B. (2023). Konflik Moral Guru dalam Implementasi Pembelajaran Berbasis Proyek di PAUD. 7(3), 3137–3146. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i3.4625

Kim, S. J., Wee, S. J., & Lee, Y. M. (2016). Teaching Kindergartners Racial Diversity Through Multicultural Literature: A Case Study in a Kindergarten Classroom in Korea. Early Education and Development, 27(3), 402–420. https://doi.org/10.1080/10409289.2015.1069110

Kurniasih, I., & Abidin, J. (2022). Menanamkan Sikap Toleransi Pada Anak Usia Dini Melalui Pola Pembiasaan (Studi Kasus Pada TK Meraih Bintang Pangandaran Jawa Barat). Edu Happiness (Jurnal Ilmiah Perkembangan Anak Usia Dini), 1(1), 11–20.

Leichter-Saxby, M. (2016). International perspectives on children’s play. International Journal of Play, 5(1), 109–112. https://doi.org/10.1080/21594937.2015.1093727

Lestari, D. P. (2023). Miskonsepsi Baca Tulis Hitung (Calistung) pada Jenjang PAUD (Misconceptions of Reading, Writing and Counting (Calistung) at the Early Childhood Education Level). Journal Of Early Childhood Education And Research, 4(1), 1. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.19184/jecer.v4i1.39404

Manaf, I. N., Taib, B., & Achmad, F. (2023). Pembelajaran Berbasis Budaya Lokal Dama Nyili-Nyili Dalam Membentuk Karakter Toleransi Pada Kelompok B TK Manurung Kota Tidore Kepulauan. Jurnal Ilmiah Cahaya PAUD, 5(1), 47–54. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.33387/cahayapd.v5i1.5891

Marlisa, L. (2018). Tuntutan Calistung Pada Anak Usia Dini. Golden Age: Jurnal Ilmiah Tumbuh Kembang Anak Usia Dini, 1(3), 25–38. https://doi.org/10.14421/jga.2016.13-03

Martin, M. C. (2016). The state of play: historical perspectives. International Journal of Play, 5(3), 329–339. https://doi.org/10.1080/21594937.2016.1244025

Mawaddah, N., Sa’ida, N., Budiman, A., & Suweleh, W. (2023). Pengaruh Media Pop-Up Digital terhadap Penanaman Karakter Toleransi Anak Usia 3-4 Tahun di KB Aisyiyah 16. Mitra Ash-Shibyan: Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Konseling, 6(02), 53–62. https://doi.org/DOI: https://doi.org /10.46963/mas h.v6i02.875

Misahapsari, C. R., & Stevanus, K. (2023). Penanaman Karakter Toleran di dalam Keluarga Kristen pada Anak Sejak Usia Dini. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 7(2), 1479–1489. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i2.2994

Mustaghfiroh, S. (2020). Konsep “ Merdeka Belajar ” Perspektif Aliran Progresivisme John Dewey. Jurnal Studi Guru Dan Pembelajaran, 3(1), 141–147.

Novalia, R., & Kusayang, T. (2023). Peran Guru Dalam Mengembangkan Karakter Toleransi Anak Di PAUD Al-Barokah Koto Majidin Diair. At-Ta’lim, 22(1), 42–52. https://doi.org/10.29300/atmipi.v22.i1.9729.A.

Novianti, A., Sari, P., Ihut, H., Simamora, T., Sipahutar, M. A., Manalu, G. J., Phania, E., & Panggabean, D. E. (2023). Spiritual Moderation for Early Childhood in Encouraging Tolerance Values. 7(4), 4209–4222. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v7i4.4515

Nurdin, N., & Anhusadar, L. O. (2020). Evaluasi Pelaksanaan Standar Proses di Satuan Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 4(2), 982. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v4i2.485

Pemerintah Republik Indonesia. (2014). Undang-Undang Nomor 146 Tahun 2014 Tentang Kurikulum 2013 Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini. Kementrian Pendidikan Dan Kebudayaan.

Piaget, J. (1999). Play, Dreams and Imitation In Childhood. Routledge.

Pitaloka, D. L., Dimyati, D., & Purwanta, E. (2021). Peran Guru dalam Menanamkan Nilai Toleransi pada Anak Usia Dini di Indonesia. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 5(2), 1696–1705. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v5i2.972

Rahnang, R., Widiatmaka, P., Aditya, F., & Adiansyah, A. (2022). Pembangunan Karakter Toleransi pada Anak Usia Dini dan Implikasinya terhadap Ketahanan Pribadi. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 6(6), 6993–7002. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v6i6.2741

Ramadhan, M. F., Ulpi, W., & Yusuf, M. (2023). Fenomena Aplikasi Tiktok terhadap Perkembangan Sosial Emosional Anak.

Rustiawan, H. (2021). Komersialisasi Pendidikan (Analisis Pembiayaan Pendidikan). TAZKIYA: Keislaman, Kemasyarakatan Dan Kebudayaan, 16(1), 44–63.

Sari, N. M., & Yetti, E. (2020). Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini Pengembangan Media Permainan Mipon ’ s Daily untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berhitung Anak Abstrak. 4(2), 831–839. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v4i2.428

Satria, R., Adiprima, P., Wulan, K. S., & Harjatanaya, T. Y. (2022). Panduan Pengembangan Projek Penguatan Profil Pelajar Pancasila. Badan Standar, Kurikulum, dan Asesmen Pendidikan.

Saxena, M., & Mishra, D. K. (2021). Gamification and gen Z in higher education: A systematic review of literature. International Journal of Information and Communication Technology Education, 17(4), 1–22. https://doi.org/10.4018/IJICTE.20211001.oa10

Sheridan, M. D. (2011). Play in Early Childhood: From Birth to Six Years, 3rd Edition. Routledge.

Singer, E. (2013). Play and playfulness, basic features of early childhood education. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 21(2), 172–184. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350293X.2013.789198

Sipa, S., Purwanti, & Miranda, D. (2019). Upaya guru menumbuhkan sikap toleransi bagi anak usia dini. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pembelajaran, 5(6), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.26418/jppk.v5i06.15524

Smith, P. K. (2010). Children and Play. Wiley-Blackwell.

Srianita, Y., & Anggraeni, D. (2022). Analisa Keterkaitan Permainan dan Strategi Pembelajaran Terhadap Pelaksanaan Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar PAUD. Jurnal Ilmiah Wahana Pendidikan, 8(24), 185–190. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7479987

Stockinger, H. (2019). Developing spirituality–an equal right of every child? International Journal of Children’s Spirituality, 24(3), 307–319. https://doi.org/10.1080/1364436X.2019.1646218

Sulaeman, D., Novianti Yusuf, R., & Suryani, N. (2023). Meningkatkan Perilaku Prososial Toleransi Dan Kerjasama Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun Melalui Ice Breaking Games. Jurnal Tahsinia, 4(1), 28–39. https://doi.org/10.57171/jt.v4i1.340

Sum, T. A., & Taran, E. G. M. (2020). Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru PAUD dalam Perencanaan dan Pelaksanaan Pembelajaran. Jurnal Obsesi : Jurnal Pendidikan Anak Usia Dini, 4(2), 543. https://doi.org/10.31004/obsesi.v4i2.287

Sumadi, T., Abdillah, F., & Casmana, A. R. (2021). A Pattern of Tolerance Values Transformation by Parents Towards Early Childhood. Frontiers in Education, 6(October), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2021.626680

Vogt, F., Hauser, B., Stebler, R., Rechsteiner, K., & Urech, C. (2018). Learning through play–pedagogy and learning outcomes in early childhood mathematics. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 26(4), 589–603. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350293X.2018.1487160

Vu, J. A., Han, M., & Buell, M. J. (2015). The effects of in-service training on teachers’ beliefs and practices in children’s play. European Early Childhood Education Research Journal, 23(4), 444–460. https://doi.org/10.1080/1350293X.2015.1087144

Wahyuni, I. W., & Azwar, S. (2022). Fostering Tolerance in Early Childhood in Islamic Perspectives and Social Learning Theory. JECED : Journal of Early Childhood Education and Development, 4(1), 1–24. https://doi.org/10.15642/jeced.v4i1.1676

Weisberg, D. S., Kittredge, A. K., Hirsh-Pasek, K., Golinkoff, R. M., & Klahr, D. (2015). Making play work for education. Phi Delta Kappan, 96(8), 8–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/0031721715583955

Widianto, E. (2015). Peran orangtua dalam meningkatkan pendidikan karakter anak usia dini dalam keluarga. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Pemberlajaran Anak Usia Dini, 2(1), 1–75.

Wilyanita, N., Aryani, N., & Jannah, N. R. (2023). Efektivitas Penanaman Sikap Toleransi Pada Anak Usia 5-6 Tahun dengan Model Pendidikan Karakter Berbasis Keluarga Terintegrasi Pembelajaran PAUD di TK Bustanul Atfal II. Jurnal Pendidikan Dan Konseling, 5(1), 3613–3616. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.31004/jpdk.v5i1.11588

Worldpopulationreview. (2023). Least Racist Countries 2023. https://worldpopulationreview.com/country-rankings/least-racist-countries.

Published
2024-01-31