Aliansi Terapeutik Dalam Konseling Online: Peran Dan Implementasinya Dalam Efektivitas Konseling (Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis (SLR))
Abstract
Perkembangan konseling online telah memperluas akses layanan kesehatan mental, namun efektivitasnya masih menjadi perdebatan karena keterbatasan interaksi tatap muka. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji implementasi aliansi terapeutik dalam konseling online serta menganalisis kontribusinya terhadap efektivitas layanan. Penelitian menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan pedoman PRISMA. Penelusuran literatur dilakukan pada database Scopus, SpringerLink, dan Google Scholar untuk publikasi tahun 2020–2026. Dari 828 artikel yang teridentifikasi, sebanyak 10 artikel memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan dianalisis menggunakan thematic analysis. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa aliansi terapeutik dapat dibangun secara efektif pada berbagai modalitas konseling online, baik sinkron maupun asinkron. Aliansi terapeutik berperan dalam meningkatkan keterlibatan konseli, keterbukaan diri, keberlanjutan partisipasi, serta mendukung pencapaian outcome psikologis yang lebih positif. Temuan utama penelitian ini mengindikasikan bahwa efektivitas konseling online lebih dipengaruhi oleh kualitas aliansi terapeutik yang berhasil dibangun melalui media digital dibandingkan oleh jenis teknologi yang digunakan. Kajian ini menegaskan bahwa penguatan kompetensi relasional konselor merupakan aspek penting dalam pengembangan layanan konseling digital yang efektif.
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