Hubungan Antara Dimensi Kepribadian Big Five dengan perilaku Agresif Mengemudi pada Pengemudi di Gorontalo

Mohammad Rizki B Dunggio; Fadhilah Ahmad Qaniah; Zhankih Al Ayubi; Ersya Febryani Van Gobel; Khofifah Reihana Arbie

doi:10.37411/pedagogika.v16i2.4406

Mohammad Rizki B Dunggio Universitas Negeri Gorontalo
Fadhilah Ahmad Qaniah Universitas Negeri Gorontalo
Zhankih Al Ayubi Universitas Negeri Gorontalo
Ersya Febryani Van Gobel Universitas Negeri Gorontalo
Khofifah Reihana Arbie Universitas Negeri Gorontalo

DOI: https://doi.org/10.37411/pedagogika.v16i2.4406

Keywords: big five personality, agresif mengemudi, keselamatan, Gorontalo, Psikologi Transportasi

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Kecelakaan lalu lintas merupakan masalah serius di Indonesia dengan 148.575 kasus pada 2023, termasuk 137 kasus di Gorontalo dalam 4 bulan pertama 2024. Faktor manusia, khususnya perilaku agresif mengemudi, menjadi penyebab utama kecelakaan. Kepribadian diidentifikasi sebagai faktor penting yang mempengaruhi perilaku aggressive driving, namun belum ada penelitian yang mengkaji hubungan dimensi kepribadian Big Five dengan perilaku agresif mengemudi di daerah Gorontalo. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dengan desain korelasional yang berlangsung selama 3 bulan di Provinsi Gorontalo. Sampel terdiri dari 180 pengemudi (82 laki-laki, 98 perempuan) yang dipilih menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan kriteria memiliki SIM dan sehari-hari mengendarai kendaraan di Gorontalo. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan skala Big Five Inventory (BFI) yang diadaptasi oleh Ramdhani (2012) dengan 44 item dan skala Aggressive Driving Behavior Scale (ADBS) dengan 11 item. Analisis data menggunakan korelasi Spearman. Mayoritas responden adalah perempuan (54,4%) dengan pengalaman mengemudi >5 tahun (56,1%) dan menggunakan motor (76,7%). Uji reliabilitas menunjukkan nilai yang baik untuk semua skala (α > 0,7). Hasil korelasi menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara perilaku agresif mengemudi dengan semua dimensi kepribadian: Conscientiousness (r = -0,400, p = 0,000), Agreeableness (r = -0,389, p = 0,000), Openness to Experience (r = -0,224, p = 0,002), Extraversion (r = -0,178, p = 0,017), dan Neuroticism (r = 0,435, p = 0,000). Temuan menunjukkan bahwa kepribadian berperan signifikan dalam perilaku agresif mengemudi. Neuroticism memiliki hubungan positif terkuat, mengindikasikan bahwa ketidakstabilan emosi meningkatkan kecenderungan perilaku agresif. Sebaliknya, Conscientiousness dan Agreeableness berkorelasi negatif, menunjukkan bahwa sifat disiplin dan empati dapat mencegah perilaku agresif mengemudi. Hasil ini menekankan pentingnya pendekatan berbasis kepribadian dalam intervensi keselamatan berkendara, khususnya pelatihan pengelolaan emosi bagi pengemudi dengan tingkat neuroticism tinggi.

Kata Kunci: kepribadian Big Five, perilaku agresif mengemudi, keselamatan berkendara, Gorontalo, psikologi transportasi

ABSTRACT

Traffic accidents are a serious problem in Indonesia with 148,575 cases in 2023, including 137 cases in Gorontalo in the first four months of 2024. Human factors, especially aggressive driving behavior, are the main cause of accidents. Personality has been identified as an important factor influencing aggressive driving behavior, but no research has examined the relationship between the Big Five personality dimensions and aggressive driving behavior in the Gorontalo area. This study used a quantitative approach with a correlational design that lasted for 3 months in Gorontalo Province. The sample consisted of 180 drivers (82 men, 98 women) selected using a purposive sampling technique with the criteria of having a driver's license and driving a vehicle daily in Gorontalo. Data were collected using the Big Five Inventory (BFI) scale adapted by Ramdhani (2012) with 44 items and the Aggressive Driving Behavior Scale (ADBS) with 11 items. Data analysis used Spearman correlation. The majority of respondents were female (54.4%) with >5 years of driving experience (56.1%) and using motorcycles (76.7%). Reliability tests showed good values for all scales (α > 0.7). Correlation results showed a significant relationship between aggressive driving behavior and all personality dimensions: Conscientiousness (r = -0.400, p = 0.000), Agreeableness (r = -0.389, p = 0.000), Openness to Experience (r = -0.224, p = 0.002), Extraversion (r = -0.178, p = 0.017), and Neuroticism (r = 0.435, p = 0.000). The findings indicate that personality plays a significant role in aggressive driving behavior. Neuroticism has the strongest positive relationship, indicating that emotional instability increases the tendency for aggressive behavior. Conversely, Conscientiousness and Agreeableness gave a negative impression, indicating that discipline and empathy can prevent aggressive behavior in driving. These results emphasize the importance of a personality-based approach to driving safety interventions, particularly emotion management training for drivers with high levels of neuroticism.

Keywords: Big Five personality traits, aggressive driving behavior, driving safety, Gorontalo, transportation psychology

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