Modul siacana: Pengembangan Modul Ajar Berbasis Kurikulum Merdeka Kesiapsigaan Bencana Pada Anak Usia Dini
Keywords:
Modul ajar; Kegiatan Kesiapsiagaan bencana; kurikulum merdeka
Abstract
This study aims to determine the understanding of flood disaster preparedness in early childhood, because the understanding of disaster preparedness for early childhood in Indonesia is still very low. The lack of providing knowledge of disaster preparedness, especially flood disasters in children, is caused by ineffective learning practices, because teachers have not used diverse learning media. So this research designs a computer-based educational game application product, namely learning media that displays simulations of flood disaster preparedness. Research was conducted to design learning media for understanding flood disaster preparedness in children aged 5-6 years. This research method uses research and development with the ADDIE model design (Analize, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluate). Data collection techniques in the form of expert validation (PAUD, Media, Language, and Disaster Preparedness Experts) field trial data. The research was conducted in Group B kindergarten in Lebak Regency. The results showed that the SIGANA Banjir educational game is suitable for use to provide an understanding of flood disaster preparedness in children. Materials for understanding flood disaster preparedness in this game include: understanding hazards and early warning systems; understanding of taking action to protect oneself; understanding of reducing the impact of disasters.
References
Daftar Pustaka (Font Cambria, Ukuran 14, spasi 1)
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[4] L. P. R. Kumala Dewi and T. Dartanto, “Natural disasters and girls vulnerability: is child marriage a coping strategy of economic shocks in Indonesia?,” Vulnerable Child. Youth Stud., vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 24–35, Jan. 2019, doi: 10.1080/17450128.2018.1546025.
[5] Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Lebak, “Jumlah Desa/Kelurahan yang Mengalami Bencana Alam Menurut Kecamatan di Kabupaten Lebak 2020,” 2020. https://lebakkab.bps.go.id/indicator/27/160/1/jumlah-desa-kelurahan-yang- mengalami-bencana-alam-menurut-kecamatan-di-kabupaten-lebak.html
[6] Y. Solfiah, D. Risma, and R. K. Hukmi, “View of Early Childhood Disaster Management Media Through Picture Story Books,” J. Pendidik. Usia Dini, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 141–155, 2020, doi: 10.21009/JPUD.141.10.
[7] D. P. Ningtyas and D. F. Risina, “Peningkatan Self Awareness Anak Usia Dini Melalui Media Video Mitigasi Bencana Gunung Meletus,” AL-ATHFAL J. Pendidik. ANAK, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 113–124, Dec. 2018, doi: 10.14421/al-athfal.2018.42-01.
[8] D. Uhm and H. S. Oh, “Disaster Preparedness of Child Care Teachers: A Cross-Sectional Study in South Korea,” Disaster Med. Public Health Prep., vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 321–328, Jun. 2018, doi: 10.1017/dmp.2017.68.
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[15] F. Z. Nabila, M. A. Akbar, and F. A. Ikhwansyah, “‘Dimidux’ Disaster Mitigation Education Box: Kotak Edukasi untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Mitigasi Bencana Alam pada Anak di Daerah Gumuk Pasir,” J. Ilm. Penal. dan Penelit. Mhs., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 40–51, 2019, [Online]. Available: http://jurnal.ukmpenelitianuny.id/index.php/jippm/article/view/158
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[21] B. O. Aini, K. C. Ayu, and S. Siswati, “Pengembangan Game Puzzle Sebagai Edugame Berbasis Android Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Matematika Siswa SD,” JTAM | J. Teor. dan Apl. Mat., vol. 3, no. 1, p. 74, Apr. 2019, doi: 10.31764/jtam.v3i1.768.
[22] E. N. T. Kuswantoro, T. Rahman, and A. F. Munadzar, “Game ‘Roro Jonggrang’ Sebagai Media Belajar untuk Mengenalkan Cerita Rakyat,” JATI (Jurnal Mhs. Tek. Inform., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 33–38, Feb. 2021, doi: 10.36040/jati.v5i1.3379.
[23] A. Azwar, H. Hamria, and M. N. S. Kaharu, “Game Edukasi Pengenalan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi Berbasis Android,” J. Ilm. Inform., vol. 8, no. 02, pp. 141–150, Sep. 2020, doi: 10.33884/jif.v8i02.2481.
[24] M. Sailer and L. Homner, “The Gamification of Learning: a Meta-analysis,” Educ. Psychol. Rev., vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 77–112, Mar. 2020, doi: 10.1007/s10648-019-09498-w.
[25] B. Pane, X. Najoan, and S. Paturusi, “Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Game Edukasi Ragam Budaya Indonesia,” J. Tek. Inform., vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 1–9, 2017, doi:10.35793/jti.12.1.2017.17793.
[26] D. R. Sanchez, M. Langer, and R. Kaur, “Gamification in the classroom: Examining the impact of gamified quizzes on student learning,” Comput. Educ., vol. 144, p.103666, Jan. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103666.
[27] J. Hamari, D. J. Shernoff, E. Rowe, B. Coller, J. Asbell-Clarke, and T. Edwards, “Challenging games help students learn: An empirical study on engagement, flow and immersion in game-based learning,” Comput. Human Behav., vol. 54, no. August 2015, pp. 170–179, Jan. 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2015.07.045.
[28] A. N. Amorim, L. Jeon, Y. Abel, E. F. Felisberto, L. N. F. Barbosa, and N. M. Dias, “Using Escribo Play Video Games to Improve Phonological Awareness, Early Reading, and Writing in Preschool,” Educ. Res., vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 188–197, Apr.
2020, doi: 10.3102/0013189X20909824.
[29] R. S. Artha, D. Suryana, and F. Mayar, “E-Comic: Media for Understanding Flood Disaster Mitigation in Early Childhood Education,” JPUD - J. Pendidik. Usia Dini, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 341–351, Nov. 2020, doi: 10.21009/JPUD.142.12.
[30] S. Williams and L. McEwen, “‘Learning for resilience’ as the climate changes: discussing flooding, adaptation and agency with children,” Environ. Educ. Res., vol.27, no. 11, pp. 1638–1659, Nov. 2021, doi: 10.1080/13504622.2021.1927992.
[31] M. Hasbi, R. Yuliantina, and N. A. Nurfadhilah, Pedoman Pendidikan Kebencanaan Di Satuan PAUD, 1st ed. Jakarta: Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 2019. [32] A. Hakim, D. N. Inten, and D. Mulyani, “The Literation of Disaster Mitigation for Early Childhood,” in Proceedings of the 2nd Social and Humaniora Research Symposium (SoRes 2019), 2020, vol. 409, no. SoRes 2019, pp. 287–290. doi:10.2991/assehr.k.200225.060.
[33] A. A. K. O. Sudana, K. Suarwibawa, and I. P. P. P. N. Parwa, “Perancangan Aplikasi Game Edukasi Mitigasi Bencana Alam Berbasis Android Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Dalam Mitigasi Bencana Alam,” Dielektika, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 81–179,2015, [Online]. Available:http://dielektrika.unram.ac.id/index.php/dielektrika/article/view/70
[34] R. Kurniawan, A. Mahtarami, and R. Rakhmawati, “GEMPA: Game Edukasi sebagai Media Sosialisasi Mitigasi Bencana Gempa Bumi bagi Anak Autis,” J. Nasioal Tek. Elekro dan Teknol. Inf., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1–7, 2017, [Online]. Available: https://journal.ugm.ac.id/v3/JNTETI/article/view/2853
[35] H. Kim and F. Ke, “Effects of game-based learning in an OpenSim-supported virtual environment on mathematical performance,” Interact. Learn. Environ., vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 543–557, May 2017, doi: 10.1080/10494820.2016.1167744.
[36] T. Hainey, T. M. Connolly, E. A. Boyle, A. Wilson, and A. Razak, “A systematic literature review of games-based learning empirical evidence in primary education,” Comput. Educ., vol. 102, pp. 202–223, Nov. 2016, doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2016.09.001.
[37] M. Murni, “Perkembangan Fisik, Kognitif, dan Psikososial pada Masa Kanak-Kanak Awal 2-6 Tahun,” Bunayya J. Pendidik. Anak, vol. 3, no. 1, 2017, doi: 10.22373/bunayya.v3i1.2042.
[1] I. S. Wekke, Mitigasi bencana, 1st ed. Jawa Barat: Penerbit Adab, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://books.google.co.id/books?hl=en&lr=&id=l3Y- EAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&dq=mitigasi+bencana+&ots=l2-pBii- Jp&sig=zpDleOSppozOSA928qfMkjA0XeA&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=mitigasi bencana&f=false
[2] K. Tjandra, Empat Bencana Geologi yang Paling Mematikan. 2017.
[3] M. S. Sangkala and M. F. Gerdtz, “Disaster preparedness and learning needs among community health nurse coordinators in South Sulawesi Indonesia,” Australas, Emerg. Care, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 23–30, Feb. 2018, doi: 10.1016/j.auec.2017.11.002.
[4] L. P. R. Kumala Dewi and T. Dartanto, “Natural disasters and girls vulnerability: is child marriage a coping strategy of economic shocks in Indonesia?,” Vulnerable Child. Youth Stud., vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 24–35, Jan. 2019, doi: 10.1080/17450128.2018.1546025.
[5] Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Lebak, “Jumlah Desa/Kelurahan yang Mengalami Bencana Alam Menurut Kecamatan di Kabupaten Lebak 2020,” 2020. https://lebakkab.bps.go.id/indicator/27/160/1/jumlah-desa-kelurahan-yang- mengalami-bencana-alam-menurut-kecamatan-di-kabupaten-lebak.html
[6] Y. Solfiah, D. Risma, and R. K. Hukmi, “View of Early Childhood Disaster Management Media Through Picture Story Books,” J. Pendidik. Usia Dini, vol. 14, no. 1, pp. 141–155, 2020, doi: 10.21009/JPUD.141.10.
[7] D. P. Ningtyas and D. F. Risina, “Peningkatan Self Awareness Anak Usia Dini Melalui Media Video Mitigasi Bencana Gunung Meletus,” AL-ATHFAL J. Pendidik. ANAK, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 113–124, Dec. 2018, doi: 10.14421/al-athfal.2018.42-01.
[8] D. Uhm and H. S. Oh, “Disaster Preparedness of Child Care Teachers: A Cross-Sectional Study in South Korea,” Disaster Med. Public Health Prep., vol. 12, no. 3, pp. 321–328, Jun. 2018, doi: 10.1017/dmp.2017.68.
[9] M. Saparwati, T. Trimawati, and F. Wijayanti, “Pengetahuan Kesiapsiagaan Bencana Pada Anak Usia Sekolah Sebelum dan Sesudah Diberikan Video Animasi Kesiapsiagaan Bencana,” Pro Heal. J. Ilm. Kesehat., vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 23–28, Jun.2020, doi: 10.35473/proheallth.v2i1.385.
[10] S. Zhong, Q. Cheng, S. Zhang, C. Huang, and Z. Wang, “An impact assessment of disaster education on children’s flood risk perceptions in China: Policy implications for adaptation to climate extremes,” Sci. Total Environ., vol. 757, p.143761, 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143761.
[11] P. M. Sejati, C. A. Budiningsih, and Pujianto, “Multimedia in Disaster Risk Reduction,” J. Phys. Conf. Ser., vol. 1233, no. 1, p. 012090, Jun. 2019, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1233/1/012090.
[12] A. Delicado, J. Rowland, S. Fonseca, A. N. de Almeida, L. Schmidt, and A. S. Ribeiro, “Children in Disaster Risk Reduction in Portugal: Policies, Education, and (Non) Participation,” Int. J. Disaster Risk Sci., vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 246–257, Sep. 2017, doi: 10.1007/s13753-017-0138-5.
[13] R. S. Dewi and N. hudha Anggarasari, “Mitigasi Bencana pada Anak Usia Dini,” EARLY Child. J. Pendidik., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 68–77, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.35568/earlychildhood.v3i1.438.
[14] E. W. Winarni and E. P. Purwandari, “Disaster Risk Reduction for Earthquake Using Mobile Learning Application to Improve the Students Understanding in Elementary School,” Mediterr. J. Soc. Sci., vol. 9, no. 2, pp. 205–214, Mar. 2018, doi: 10.2478/mjss-2018-0040.
[15] F. Z. Nabila, M. A. Akbar, and F. A. Ikhwansyah, “‘Dimidux’ Disaster Mitigation Education Box: Kotak Edukasi untuk Meningkatkan Pemahaman Mitigasi Bencana Alam pada Anak di Daerah Gumuk Pasir,” J. Ilm. Penal. dan Penelit. Mhs., vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 40–51, 2019, [Online]. Available: http://jurnal.ukmpenelitianuny.id/index.php/jippm/article/view/158
[16] F. A. Pratama, R. Magdalena, S. P. Dias, and D. J. Alamsyah, “Serious Game Development for Color and Object Name Recognition in Early Childhood Education (Case Study: TKK Mitra),” SISFORMA, vol. 7, no . 1, pp. 14–20, Jun. 2020, doi: 10.24167/sisforma.v7i1.2620.
[17] V. Siddoo, D. Binla, K. Jaineawnaekuson, and O. Yommana, “A study of early childhood e-learning games for Thai children,” in 2016 Fifth ICT International Student Project Conference (ICT-ISPC), May 2016, pp. 29–32. doi: 10.1109/ICT- ISPC.2016.7519228.
[18] E. W. Winarni, E. P. Purwandari, and Y. Hervianti, “Mobile educational game for earthquake disaster preparedness in elementary school,” ARPN J. Eng. Appl. Sci., vol. 13, no. 7, pp. 2612–2618, 2018, [Online]. Available:http://www.arpnjournals.org/jeas/research_papers/rp_2018/jeas_0418_6974.pdf
[19] M. Vitoulis, “Digital Pedagogy and Online Games through the Perspective of Early Childhood Educators: The Case of FRIV,” J. Educ. Soc. Behav. Sci., vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 1–12, Jan. 2017, doi: 10.9734/JESBS/2017/35533.
[20] M. B. Garcia, “Kinder Learns: An Educational Visual Novel Game as Knowledge Enhancement Tool for Early Childhood Education,” Int. J. Technol. Learn., vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 13–34, 2020, doi: 10.18848/2327-0144/CGP/v27i01/13-34.
[21] B. O. Aini, K. C. Ayu, and S. Siswati, “Pengembangan Game Puzzle Sebagai Edugame Berbasis Android Untuk Meningkatkan Kemampuan Berpikir Matematika Siswa SD,” JTAM | J. Teor. dan Apl. Mat., vol. 3, no. 1, p. 74, Apr. 2019, doi: 10.31764/jtam.v3i1.768.
[22] E. N. T. Kuswantoro, T. Rahman, and A. F. Munadzar, “Game ‘Roro Jonggrang’ Sebagai Media Belajar untuk Mengenalkan Cerita Rakyat,” JATI (Jurnal Mhs. Tek. Inform., vol. 5, no. 1, pp. 33–38, Feb. 2021, doi: 10.36040/jati.v5i1.3379.
[23] A. Azwar, H. Hamria, and M. N. S. Kaharu, “Game Edukasi Pengenalan Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi Berbasis Android,” J. Ilm. Inform., vol. 8, no. 02, pp. 141–150, Sep. 2020, doi: 10.33884/jif.v8i02.2481.
[24] M. Sailer and L. Homner, “The Gamification of Learning: a Meta-analysis,” Educ. Psychol. Rev., vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 77–112, Mar. 2020, doi: 10.1007/s10648-019-09498-w.
[25] B. Pane, X. Najoan, and S. Paturusi, “Rancang Bangun Aplikasi Game Edukasi Ragam Budaya Indonesia,” J. Tek. Inform., vol. 12, no. 1, pp. 1–9, 2017, doi:10.35793/jti.12.1.2017.17793.
[26] D. R. Sanchez, M. Langer, and R. Kaur, “Gamification in the classroom: Examining the impact of gamified quizzes on student learning,” Comput. Educ., vol. 144, p.103666, Jan. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103666.
[27] J. Hamari, D. J. Shernoff, E. Rowe, B. Coller, J. Asbell-Clarke, and T. Edwards, “Challenging games help students learn: An empirical study on engagement, flow and immersion in game-based learning,” Comput. Human Behav., vol. 54, no. August 2015, pp. 170–179, Jan. 2016, doi: 10.1016/j.chb.2015.07.045.
[28] A. N. Amorim, L. Jeon, Y. Abel, E. F. Felisberto, L. N. F. Barbosa, and N. M. Dias, “Using Escribo Play Video Games to Improve Phonological Awareness, Early Reading, and Writing in Preschool,” Educ. Res., vol. 49, no. 3, pp. 188–197, Apr.
2020, doi: 10.3102/0013189X20909824.
[29] R. S. Artha, D. Suryana, and F. Mayar, “E-Comic: Media for Understanding Flood Disaster Mitigation in Early Childhood Education,” JPUD - J. Pendidik. Usia Dini, vol. 14, no. 2, pp. 341–351, Nov. 2020, doi: 10.21009/JPUD.142.12.
[30] S. Williams and L. McEwen, “‘Learning for resilience’ as the climate changes: discussing flooding, adaptation and agency with children,” Environ. Educ. Res., vol.27, no. 11, pp. 1638–1659, Nov. 2021, doi: 10.1080/13504622.2021.1927992.
[31] M. Hasbi, R. Yuliantina, and N. A. Nurfadhilah, Pedoman Pendidikan Kebencanaan Di Satuan PAUD, 1st ed. Jakarta: Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan, 2019. [32] A. Hakim, D. N. Inten, and D. Mulyani, “The Literation of Disaster Mitigation for Early Childhood,” in Proceedings of the 2nd Social and Humaniora Research Symposium (SoRes 2019), 2020, vol. 409, no. SoRes 2019, pp. 287–290. doi:10.2991/assehr.k.200225.060.
[33] A. A. K. O. Sudana, K. Suarwibawa, and I. P. P. P. N. Parwa, “Perancangan Aplikasi Game Edukasi Mitigasi Bencana Alam Berbasis Android Sebagai Media Pembelajaran Dalam Mitigasi Bencana Alam,” Dielektika, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 81–179,2015, [Online]. Available:http://dielektrika.unram.ac.id/index.php/dielektrika/article/view/70
[34] R. Kurniawan, A. Mahtarami, and R. Rakhmawati, “GEMPA: Game Edukasi sebagai Media Sosialisasi Mitigasi Bencana Gempa Bumi bagi Anak Autis,” J. Nasioal Tek. Elekro dan Teknol. Inf., vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1–7, 2017, [Online]. Available: https://journal.ugm.ac.id/v3/JNTETI/article/view/2853
[35] H. Kim and F. Ke, “Effects of game-based learning in an OpenSim-supported virtual environment on mathematical performance,” Interact. Learn. Environ., vol. 25, no. 4, pp. 543–557, May 2017, doi: 10.1080/10494820.2016.1167744.
[36] T. Hainey, T. M. Connolly, E. A. Boyle, A. Wilson, and A. Razak, “A systematic literature review of games-based learning empirical evidence in primary education,” Comput. Educ., vol. 102, pp. 202–223, Nov. 2016, doi:10.1016/j.compedu.2016.09.001.
[37] M. Murni, “Perkembangan Fisik, Kognitif, dan Psikososial pada Masa Kanak-Kanak Awal 2-6 Tahun,” Bunayya J. Pendidik. Anak, vol. 3, no. 1, 2017, doi: 10.22373/bunayya.v3i1.2042.
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